classicanesthesia2– Author –

アナフィラキシーにアドレナリンが選ばれる理由を徹底解説します．α1・β1・β2作用による循環補助，気管支拡張，ケミカルメディエーター放出抑制の3本柱を解説し，筋注・静注それぞれの投与方法や注意点もまとめました．研修医・看護師・学生さんの疑問に答える記事です．

Gray (Gy) and Sievert (Sv) are both J/kg, but serve different purposes. Gy measures absorbed radiation energy, used in therapy and deterministic effects. Sv applies weighting factors for radiation type and organ sensitivity, estimating stochastic risk, used in protection and regulations. Includes analogy, quick reference table, and key ICRP dose limits.

放射線単位のグレイ（Gy）とシーベルト（Sv）の違いをわかりやすく解説．物理的な吸収線量と，防護のための重み付け線量を区別して理解できます．周術期管理チーム試験対策・麻酔科専門医試験対策にも役立ちます．

This article reviews radiation risks in healthcare workers, focusing on deterministic and stochastic effects. It explains the difference between effective dose (whole-body risk) and equivalent dose (organ/tissue-specific risk), and compares dose limits in Japan, ICRP recommendations, and U.S. NRC regulations. Key updates include the 2021 revision of lens of the eye limits in Japan and the ICRP’s stricter guidelines. Essential knowledge for exams and daily radiation safety practice.

放射線の影響は「確定的影響」と「確率的影響」に分かれます．全身リスクを評価する実効線量，各臓器・組織を評価する等価線量，そして医療従事者に設定される線量限度（実効線量限度，水晶体・皮膚・妊婦に関する等価線量限度）を解説しました．2018年に改訂された水晶体線量の基準など，試験に頻出するポイントも含めてまとめています．

This article, also useful for perioperative team management exam preparation, explains the key concepts of radiation protection: deterministic effects, stochastic effects, equivalent dose, and effective dose. Using simple analogies (a boxer’s punch vs. a probability game) along with charts and diagrams, it helps clarify how thresholds, Gy, and Sv are applied in clinical and occupational exposure.

放射線被曝の確率的影響と確定的影響，さらに等価線量と実効線量の違いをわかりやすく解説．例えや図解で理解が深まります．

Radiation is invisible energy that can affect the human body in different ways. This article explains external vs. internal exposure, and the differences between public, medical, and occupational exposure. With everyday examples and practical notes for healthcare professionals, it provides essential knowledge to balance safety and benefits in clinical practice.

放射線と被曝の基本を，外部・内部被曝，公衆・医療・職業被曝に分けて整理しました．臨床現場や試験対策にも役立つ内容です．周術期管理チーム試験対策・麻酔科専門医試験対策